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§Acronyms /Dictionaries/Glossaries§ | Articles | Associations | Astronomical Units | §Astrophysics§ | Audio Files
§BIOLOGY§ | Black Holes | Books
Catalogs | Cepheid Variables | Constants | Constellations | Coordinates | §Cosmology§
Databases | Distance
Earth | §Earth Sciences§ | Education | §EDUCATION§ | §ENGINEERING§ | Extrasolar Planets | Extraterrestrial Intelligence
FIND | Forums
Galaxies | §Geocentrism§ | Geospace
§Heliocentrism§ | §HISTORY of Astronomy§ | §HISTORY of Physics§ | §HISTORY of Science§ | Hubble Telescope
Infrared | Instruments | Images
Journals
Life - Extraterrestrial
§MATHEMATICS§ | Microwaves | Moon | NASA | §Navigation§ | Nebulae | NEWS
Obervatories | Optics
Parallax | §PHOTOGRAPHY§ | §PHYSICS§ | Planets | Planetariums | ProjectGalileo
Radio Astronomy | §ROCKETRY§
Satellites | §SCIENCE§ | Skymaps | Software | Solar System & Simulation | Space Telescopes | §SPACE TRAVEL§
§STANDARDS§ | Star Catalogs | Stars | Stellar Evolution/Classification | Sun | Sun-Earth | Supernovas
Telescopes | §TIME§ | TUTORIALS | TV & Videos
§Weather§
Universe
Variable Stars | Video | Virtual Space Travel | §VISION§
(Click above to jump to Listings on this page or to an § ALTERNATE ELA DIRECTORY§)

 

 

 

 

 


^ ASTRONOMY


ASSOCIATIONS
American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO): General Public
Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA)
Global Network of Astronomical Telescopes (GNAT) small telescopes, non-profit catalyst & education
Hawaiian Astronomical Society Deep Sky Atlas, Links, Views of the Solar System
International Astronomical Union (IAU)
International Dark-Sky Association (IDA)

Students for the Exploration and Development of SpaceUse It! (SEDS)
• Guides - Software, Orbital Telescopes
• Astronomy
    º Astromaps
    º Best of the Hubble Space Telescope
    º Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 Archive collision with Jupiter
    º Constellations
    º Interactive NGC Catalog
    º Messier Catalog
    º Nine Planets Solar System Tour
    º Web Nebulae

Students for the Exploration and Development of Space (SEDS)
• Guides - Software, Orbital Telescopes
• Astronomy
    º Nine Planets Solar System Tour

^ ASTRONOMY
ASTRONOMICAL UNITS, DISTANCE, MASS & TIME
also see.. §HISTORY of Astronomy§, §Relativity§, §STANDARDS§, §TIME§
Drew Olbrich A collection of personal projects
Earth and Moon how the Earth and Moon would appear from an observer in space

Wikipedia
    º Category:Cepheid variables
    º Category:Standard candles
    º Category:Units of measure in astronomy
Astronomical constant
Astronomical system of units
Astronomical unit (AU)
Cepheid variables pulsating variable stars, standard candles, foundation of the Extragalactic Distance Scale
Cosmic distance ladder
Distance measures (cosmology)
Distance modulus μ=m-M; d=10(μ/5)+1=10(m-M+5)/5; m=apparent magnitude & M=absolute magnitude, as obtained from HR diagram
Gigametre
International Astronomical Union (IAU)
Light-second
Light-year
• Magnitude
    º Absolute magnitude
    º Apparent magnitude
    º Luminosity distance
Orders of magnitude (length)
Parallax
Parsec
• Standard Candle (see Cosmic distance ladder)
Tip of the red giant branch distance indicator using luminosity of brightest red giant branch stars in a galaxy to gauge the galaxy's distance
Triangulation


^ ASTRONOMY
AUDIO

Archive.org: Search Astronomy audio
Curiosities of the Sky public domain audiobook, Garrett Serviss

The Universe in Mind hosted by Ivan Semeniuk, from Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, U Toronto


^ ASTRONOMY
BLACK HOLES
also see.. Galaxies
Andrew Hamilton's Homepage
Falling Into a Black Hole

Black Holes from Mike Guidry

Books
•Exploring Black Holes: Introduction to General Relativity, John Archibald Wheeler, et al
•Black holes and time warps: Einstein's outrageous legacy, Kip S. Thorne

NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center: Imagine the Universe
Black Holes
First Black Holes Kept to a Strict Diet, Study Shows

New Scientist
Black hole theory suggests light is slowing

Utrecht U Physics, Introduction to the Theory of Black Hole (pdf) by Gerard 't Hooft

Virtual Trips to Black Holes and Neutron Stars

MIT Open CoursewareUse It! All Courses Index, Audio/Video Courses, governed by Creative Commons license: Physics
8.224 Exploring Black Holes: General Relativity & Astrophysics: Videos & Lecture Notes

Wikipedia: Black hole
    º Category:Black holes
    º List of black holes
    º Timeline of black hole physics
    º Timeline of gravitational physics and relativity
Bekenstein, Jacob (1947-) foundations of black hole thermodynamics
Black body
Black hole
Black hole information paradox
Black hole thermodynamics
Compact star
Einstein, Albert (1879-1955)
    º Einstein field equations
Entropy
Event horizon
General relativity
Gravitational collapse
Hawking, Stephen (1942-)
    º Hawking radiation
Holographic principle
Kruskal-Szekeres coordinates
Micro black hole (quantum black hole)
No hair theorem black holes are characterized by only mass, electric charge, & angular momentum
Penrose, Roger (1931-)
    º Penrose process
Primordial black holes
Quantum gravity
Rotating black hole
    º Kerr metric
    º Kerr-Newman metric
Schwarzschild, Karl (1873-1916)
    º Deriving the Schwarzschild solution of Einstein field equations, gravitational field outside a spherical, non-rotating mass eg, black hole
    º Schwarzschild metric
    º Schwarzschild radius
Singularity
    º Gravitational singularity
    º Naked singularity
    º Penrose-Hawking singularity theorems
Stellar black hole
Stellar evolution
Supermassive black hole
Susskind, Leonard (1940-) holographic principle
    º Susskind-Hawking battle
Price, Richard H. (1943-)
    º Price's theorem any inhomogeneities in the spacetime geometry outside a black hole radiate away
't Hooft, Gerard (1946-) holographic principle, quantum gravity
Thorne, Kip (1940-) black hole cosmology
    º Hoop Conjecture
    º Membrane paradigm
Tidal force
White hole
Wormhole


^ ASTRONOMY
BOOKS

J. C. Evans, George Mason U, Physics and Astronomy: Astronomy 103
ECText Course Supplement

MichaelBelfiore.com
The Department of Mad Scientists Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
Rocketeers second space age powered by private enterprise

Wikipedia:Books Wikipedia articles that can be easily stored in PDF or OpenDocument format, or ordered as a printed book
    º Category:Wikipedia books
    º Category:Wikipedia books on astronomy
    º Category:Wikipedia books on energy
    º Category:Wikipedia books on mathematics
    º Category:Wikipedia books on matter
    º Category:Wikipedia books on physics
    º Category:Wikipedia books on science
    º Category:Wikipedia books on space
    º Category:Wikipedia books on time
    º Help:Books
    º Wikipedia:WikiProject Wikipedia-Books
Astronomy
Classes of supernovae
Energy
Galaxies
Heliocentrism
Isaac Newton
Jupiter
Mathematics
Matter
M-Theory
Particles of the Standard Model
Physics
Solar System
Space
The Sun, planets, and dwarf planets
Time
Tycho Brahe
Universe


^ ASTRONOMY
CEPHEID VARIABLES, VARIABLE STARS

American Association of Variable Star ObserversUse It! (AAVSO): General Public
Delta Cephei

Periods Of 25 Variable Stars In The Small Magellanic Cloud, Harvard College Observatory Circular 173, 1912, Edward C. Pickering citing Henrietta Leavitt

The SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System Digital Library for Physics and Astronomy
1777 variables in the Magellanic Clouds by Henrietta Swan Leavitt
1777 variables in the Magellanic Clouds by Henrietta Swan Leavitt

Wikipedia
Cepheid variables
Leavitt, Henrietta Swan (1868-1921) discovered period-luminosity relation of Cepheid variables


^ ASTRONOMY
CONSTANTS
Welcome to the Astro-Physical Calculator programs & tables of constants: U Wisconsin

^ ASTRONOMY
CONSTELLATIONS & MYTHOLOGY
Chris Dolan, U Wisconsin Astronomy
The Constellations and their Stars
    º Alphabetical listing of constellations

Dome of the Sky, Planetarium from St Cloud State U
Constellation List

History of Astronomy by Robert Harry van Gent
Historical Celestial Atlases on the World Wide Web

Ian Ridpath’s Star Tales Constellation Mythology

Linda Hall Library: Online Exhibitions
Out of This World The Golden Age of the Celestial Atlas, Rare Books

The Mythology of the Constellations from Cathy Bell
Salopian Web. Astronomy, Space, Radio and ComputingUse It!
Guide to The Constellations of the Night Sky Mythology, Legend & Facts

U Wisconsin, Astronomy
The Constellations and their Stars by Chris Dolan
    º Argo Navis

Wikipedia: Constellation
    º Category:Constellations
    º Category:Former constellations
    º Category:Northern constellations
    º Category:Southern constellations
    º History of the constellations
    º List of constellations
    º Lists of stars by constellation
Constellation
Former constellations

Wikipedia Northern sky constellations: Constellation
    º Category:Constellations
    º Category:Former constellations
    º Category:Northern constellations
    º Lists of stars by constellation
Andromeda the Chained Lady
Aquarius the Water (Cup) bearer
Aquila the Eagle
Aries the Ram
Auriga the Charioteer
Asterism a recognizable pattern of stars which is not classified as a constellation
Bootes the Herdsman or Plowman
Cancer the Crab
Canis Major the greater Dog
Canis Minor the little Dog
Canes Venatici the Hunting Dogs
Capricornus the Sea Goat
Cetus the Whale (Sea Monster)
Corona Borealis the Northern Crown
Crater the Cup
Cygnus (the Northern Cross) the Swan
Delphinus the Dolphin
Equuleus the Little Horse
Eridanus the River
Hydra the Water Snake
Leo the Lion
Libra the Weighing Scales
Lynx the Cat
Lyra the Lyre
Orion the Hunter, on celestial equator, visible throughout world, location of Orion Nebula
Pegasus the Winged Horse
Perseus Greek hero, location of star Algol & Perseids meteor shower
Pisces the Fishes
Sagittarius the Archer (teapot)
Scutum the Shield
Sea (astronomy) area of the sky in with many water-related constellations
Taurus the Bull
Ursa Major the Great Bear
Ursa Minor the Little Bear
Virgo the Virgin

Wikipedia Northern sky constellations: Constellation
    º Category:Constellations
    º Category:Former constellations
    º Category:Southern constellations
    º Lists of stars by constellation
Aquarius the Water (Cup) bearer
Canis Major the Greater Dog
Capricornus the Sea Goat
Hydra the Water Snake
Libra the Weighing Scales
Lupus the Wolf
Norma the (Normal) Right Angle
Sagittarius the Archer
Scorpius the Scorpion
Scutum the Shield
Sextans the Sextant
Virgo the Virgin

Windows to the Universe ( from the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research ), Search
Myths about the Sky, Constellations, and StarsUse It!


^ ASTRONOMY
COORDINATES
AST A Library for Handling World Coordinate Systems in Astronomy : U St Andrews
Wikipedia: Celestial coordinate system
    º Category:Celestial coordinate system
Axial tilt
Azimuth
Celestial coordinate system
Celestial pole
Celestial sphere
Declination
Ecliptic
Ecliptic coordinate system
Ephemeris table giving astronomical object positions at given times
Equatorial coordinate system
Equinox
Galactic coordinate system
Horizontal coordinate system
Inclination
Meridian (astronomy)
Nadir
Right ascension
Sidereal time
Spherical astronomy (Positional Astronomy)
Zenith
Zodiac


^ ASTRONOMY
DATABASES, STAR CATALOGS
Aladin Interactive Sky Atlas, France
Astronomical Data Center (ADC), NASA Links
Astronomical Data Center, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hawaii

Astronomy Section, Rochester Academy of Science, Links
Latest Supernovae

Atlas of the Andromeda Galaxy, Paul W. Hodge
Bester Tracking Systems, Inc.: Satellite Tracking
Centre de Donnees astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS), France

European Southern Observatory (ESO), Archive
HST Guide Star Catalogue

Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Search
MAST Web Tutorial
Run SpecView
STScI Archive Manual

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS @Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophsics), Browse, Search Digital Library for Physics, Astrophysics, and Instrumentation
Mirrors: U Nottingham

NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, Links

NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), Help
Images from the STScI Digitized Sky Survey

Naval Oceanography Portal: Astronomy
Astronomical Almanac Online, Glossary ( pdf )
Data Services Sun and Moon rise & set times, Moon phases, eclipses, seasons, positions of solar system objects, ( Alt )
Software Products
Washington Double Star Catalog

Open SkyQuery from the US National Virtual Observatory
SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) with Links to other NASA data centers

SIMBAD
Aladin Sky Atlas Download or Applet
Bibliographic Service
Catalogues
Developer's Corner “source packages are protected”... “rightholders authorize software usage for research purposes outside any lucrative use”
Dictionary of Nomenclature of Celestial Objects
Tutorials on CDS main services
VizieR Service access catalogues from name or designation, or browse

Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Sky Server, About, Search
Download software
How To Tutorials
Teachers lesson plans using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Visual Tools

Students for the Exploration and Development of Space (SEDS.org) Spider
Constellations
Guide to the Deepsky Astronomy Resources at SEDS
Interactive NGC Catalog Online
Messier Catalog
NGC 5272 = M3

UK Astronomical Data Centre
VIM: Visual Integration and Mining research multiple sky positions simultaneously

^ ASTRONOMY
EARTH
also see.. Planets

Robert L. Nowack Professor of Geophysics, Purdue U: EAS 105, The Planets, Links
Lecture 5 Newton's Laws and Earth's density

Wikipedia
Cavendish experiment
Cavendish, Henry
Earth mass
History of astronomy
Michell, John
Planetary mass
Schiehallion experiment


^ ASTRONOMY
EDUCATION
also see.. Tutorials
European Association for Astronomy Education (EAAE)
EAAE - IAU Summer Schools network for teachers interested in Astronomy: Astronomical WorkshopsUse It! Contents
    º Roemer and the Velocity of Light

Lectures Notes: Global Change Project: U Michigan
NASA - Digital Learning Network DLiNfo Channel
The Space Educator publication download: National Space Society (NSS)
Space Educator's Handbook

StarDate.org U Texas, McDonald Observatory outreach, SiteMap
Lesson Plans don't miss the Enrichment Activities
    º Build a Spectroscope
    º Mirror Mirror
    º Super Gelatin find the index of refraction

St. Louis Area Physics Teachers (SLAPT)
Teaching Resources
Relative Sizes of Planets Stars (ppt)

Northwestern U Dept Physics & Astronomy

^ ASTRONOMY
EXOPLANETOLOGY, EXTRASOLAR PLANETS
also see.. Planets

Center for Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds
Exocatalogue
Model and Methods

ExoPlanets.org, Links
California Planet Survey
Methodology

The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia

Formation & Evolution of Planetary Systems (FEPS) Links
Learn More

NASA/IPAC/NExScI Star and Exoplanet Database

NASA Kepler Mission
Animations
Kepler Discovery (video at YouTube) confirmed planet discoveries
Movies
NASA Kepler News

PlanetHunters.org help search for new extrasolar planets by analyzing NASA's Kepler mission data, Forum
Tutorial Video

Space Telescope Science Institute

Virtual Planetary Laboratory
Education and Public Outreach Homepage

Wikipedia
    º Category:Exoplanetology
    º Category:Exoplanets
    º Category:Extrasolar planets
    º List of planetary systems
Exoplanetology
Extrasolar planet
Kepler (spacecraft)
Methods of detecting extrasolar planets
Space Telescope Science Institute


^ ASTRONOMY
EXTRATERRESTRIAL INTELLIGENCE
SETI@home connect your home computer to Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence

^ ASTRONOMY
FIND
DIRECTORIES-Astronomy
dmoz.org Open Directory | Google.com | WikiPedia | Yahoo.com


AbsoluteAstronomy.com, News, Q&A (Ask an astronomy question)
select from Constellations, Galaxies, Messier Objects, Moons, Nebulas, Planets, Stars
Reference

Ardan Scientific Programming, L.L.C. - Links
The Astronomical Society of the Pacific
The Astronomy Net articles, Forum, News, products, pubs...

AstroWeb ( Space Telescope Science Institiute ): Astronomical Internet Resources, Links
AstroWeb Consortium:
    º CDS, Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg
    º Institute of Astronomy, UK
    º VILSPA, Villafranca Satellite Tracking Station, Spain, European Space Agency
    º NARO, Charlottsville National Radio Astronomy Observatory

AstroWeb: Astronomy/Astrophysics on the Internet

AstroWeb: Astronomy/Astrophysics on the Internet Links: MSSSO
dmoz.org astronomy Links: Open Directory Project
Earth & Sky

Michigan Electronic Library
Space & Astronomy

Niel Brandt (a.k.a. William Nielsen Brandt) Professor of Astronomy & Astrophysics
• from Penn State U, Dept Astronomy & Astrophysics

PSIgate Physical Science Information Gateway
Astronomy Gateway

Qozi.com - Astronomy (Links)
SEM: Science, Engineering, & Math Links:   U Delaware

TCAEP.co.uk Constants and Equations Pages, About, Site Download
sponsored by the Institute of Physics
Astronomy
Math
Science
    º Constants, interactive Conversions , Equations

U Southampton, Astronomy Group Links
Databases, Institutes and Observatories, Journals

Space Subject Page
WebStars: Astrophysics in Cyberspace Portal: NASA HEASARC
WWW Virtual Library Astronomy, Astrophysics & AstroWeb Links

^ ASTRONOMY
FORUMS

Our Dark Skies, Forum
Downloads
Gallery


^ ASTRONOMY
GALAXIES
also see.. Black Holes, §Cosmology§, §HISTORY of Astronomy§, Stellar Evolution

GalaxyDynamics.org by John Dubinski, Links
Animations
Papers

Wikipedia: Galaxy
    º Category:Astronomy timelines
    º Category:Astrophysics
    º Category:Cepheid variables
    º Category:Extragalactic astronomy
    º Category:Galaxies
    º Category:Lists of galaxies
    º Category:Radio astronomy
    º Category:Standard candles
    º Galaxy morphological classification
    º List of galaxies
    º List of Local Group galaxies
    º List of nearest galaxies
    º List of quasars
    º Timeline of the Big Bang
    º Timeline of black hole physics
    º Timeline of cosmology
Accretion (astrophysics)
Accretion disk
Active galactic nucleus (Active Galaxy) much higher than normal luminosity, compact region at the centre of an active galaxy
Andromeda Galaxy (M31 or NGC 224) nearest spiral galaxy to the Milky Way
Astrometry measures and explains positions & movements of celestial bodies
Astrophysics
Big Bang
Binary system
Black hole
    º Event horizon
    º Hawking radiation
    º Schwarzschild radius
    º Chandrasekhar limit
Bulge
Color-color diagram compare apparent magnitudes at different wavelengths
Cosmic distance ladder
Cosmology
Disc (galaxy)
    º Galactic plane
Distance measures (cosmology)
    º Cepheid variables pulsating variable stars, standard candles, foundation of the Extragalactic Distance Scale
    º Cosmic distance ladder
    º Distance modulus
Dwarf galaxy
    º Dwarf galaxy problem
Elliptical galaxy
Galactic coordinate system celestial coordinate system centered on the Sun, aligned with galactic plane & apparent center of Milky Way
Galactic halo spherical component of galaxy extending beyond the visible component
    º Dark matter halo hypothetical unobserved halo inferred from motions of stars & gas, extending beyond the edge of the visible galaxy, dominating total mass
    º Galactic corona hot, ionised, gaseous component in the Galactic halo of a spiral galaxy
    º Galactic spheroid structural portion of spiral galaxies
Galactic tide
Galaxy
Galaxy color-magnitude diagram
Galaxy formation and evolution
Galaxy groups and clusters
    º Brightest cluster galaxy(BCG)
    º Local Group more than 30 galaxies including the Milky Way, Andromeda, Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, Triangulum
    º Supercluster
Galaxy merger
Galaxy morphological classification
    º Elliptical galaxy
    º Irregular galaxy
    º Spiral galaxy
    º Lenticular galaxy
Globular cluster
Hubble, Edwin (1889-1953) demonstrated existence of galaxies other than the Milky Way, helped establish expanding universe
    º Hubble's law
    º Hubble sequence galaxy morphological classification scheme
Interacting galaxy (Colliding galaxies)
    º Antennae galaxies pair of interacting galaxies in the constellation Corvus
Interstellar medium gas and dust (matter) between the star systems within a galaxy
Inverse-square law
Irradiance
Lenticular galaxy intermediate between elliptical galaxy & spiral galaxy
Luminosity
    º Absolute magnitude intrinsic brightness or apparent magnitude of an boject placed at standard distance
    º Apparent magnitude measure of object's brightness as seen from Eart
    º Mass-luminosity relation
Magellanic Clouds Local Group, irregular dwarf galaxies orbiting the Milky Way galaxy
Messier 87 supergiant elliptical galaxy
    º Large Magellanic Cloud irregular galaxy, satellite of the Milky Way, 50 kiloparsecs
    º Small Magellanic Cloud 61 kiloparsecs
Milky Way
Milky Way Galaxy
    º Galactic Center rotational center of the Milky Way galaxy, believed location of a supermassive black hole
Physical cosmology
Pinwheel Galaxy (M101 or NGC 5457)
Protogalaxy
Quasar very energetic and distant galaxy, most distant bodies in the observable universe
    º Blazar
Radiation
    º Electromagnetic radiation
    º Gamma ray
    º Infrared
    º Ionizing radiation
    º Light
    º Microwave
    º Radio waves
    º Ultraviolet
    º Visible spectrum
    º X-ray
Radio astronomy
    º Astronomical radio source
    º Interferometry
    º Radio waves
Radio galaxy
Redshift
    º Cosmological redshift - due to the expansion of space (not observed within the Local Group of galaxies due to gravitational effects overwhelming expansion tendency)
    º Doppler effect due to objects moving through space
    º Gravitational redshift due to loss of energy in escaping a gravitational field
Relativistic jet powerful jets of plasma which emerge from centers of some active galaxies
Satellite galaxy
Spectroscopy
    º Absorption spectrum
    º Continuous spectrum
    º Diffraction grating
    º Emission spectrum
    º Gamma ray spectrometer
    º Gamma spectroscopy
    º Redshift
    º Spectral line
    º Spectrum analysis
    º X-ray spectroscopy
Spiral galaxy
    º Barred spiral galaxy
    º Spiral arms
Star cluster clusters of stars within galaxies
    º Globular cluster up to many billions of years old, tight spherical collection of stars that orbits galactic core
    º Open cluster up to a few hundred million years old loosely bound collection of stars in galactic planes of star forming spiral or irregular galaxies
Star system
Stefan-Boltzmann law relation between temperature & irradiance
Supercluster groups of smaller galaxy groups & clusters, among the largest structures of the cosmos
Synchrotron radiation
Triangulum Galaxy (M33 or NGC 598) spiral galaxy, third largest galaxy in the Local Group
Void galaxy


^ ASTRONOMY
GEOSPACE, SUN-EARTH INTERACTION
also see.. §Earth Sciences§, §Weather§

High Frequency Auroral Research Program - Links
Glossary of Solar Terrestrial Terms
Ionosphere - About

NASA
Earth Observatory analyze climatic & environmental change using satellite data
Mission to Geospace
Visible Earth

University Corporation for Atmospheric Research - Public Outreach
About the Sun
Windows to the Universe

Wikipedia
Sun

Windows to the Universe from the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Search
Space Weather Today - Effects, Solar Storms, Storm Displays, Sun-Earth

Youtube.com
PhysTV
    º Sun, Earth, Moon animation


^ ASTRONOMY
HUBBLE TELESCOPE
also see.. Space Telescopes, Telescopes

HubbleSite.org from the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), About, SiteMap
• Future Cosmic Collision of our Milky Way & Andromeda galaxies
Education and Museums
Explore Astronomy
Gallery
gSky view the Universe through Google Earth
Hubble's Universe Unfiltered Videos
Image Tours
Piercing the Sky historical perspective on telescopes
Tonight's Sky monthly presentations on current views of constellations, deep sky objects, planets & events

Space Telescope Science Institute (Hubble) data, education, events, News, pictures, science, software
Wright Center for Innovative Science EducationUse It! Tufts U
Classroom Activities and resources
    º STARFINDER Hubble Space Telescope video series


^ ASTRONOMY
INFRARED
Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) data archive, events, gallery, Links, publications, software
NASA Infrared Telescope Facility, from U Hawaii, Institute for Astronomy

^ ASTRONOMY
IMAGES
also see.. §PHOTOGRAPHY§
Astro-Nomie-Physique at WordPress.com
Dave's Astronomy Pictures
Image Gallery Dearborn Observatory

Images of the Universe A Journey Through Time Astrophotography by Dave Jurasevich, LinksUse It!
Equipment
Gallery

Burnell, Jim
Caligiuri, Michael
Cannistra, Steve
Catterall, Adrian
Celestial Images Astral Photography
Cohen, Gilles
Croman, Russell

M.T.S.O Astronomy Page by Mark Sibole, Links
DSI Images
Imaging and Processing Tips
Latest Images


NASA
Astronomy Picture of the Day - Archive, Index, Search
Earth
Earth from Space
NSSDC Photo Gallery, planetary, astronomical objects, project indices
Photo Gallery

Ole's Astronomy Site using a Celestron G-5

Our Dark Skies, Forum
Downloads
Gallery

Ricks Astro Photography
WhatsUp an astronomy/astrophotography planning tool

StarryScapes.com, Loke Kun Tan's Astrophotography

^ ASTRONOMY
INSTRUMENTS
Ultraviolet Coronograph Spectrometer SOHO UVCS Experiment Handbook

^ ASTRONOMY
EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE
Life in the Universe NASA Exobiology
Seti@Home

^ ASTRONOMY
MICROWAVES
Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis from NASA

NASA's data center for Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) research
Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe
    º Software


^ ASTRONOMY
MOON

Dave's Astronomy Pictures
The Moon - Phases

Hubble Heritage Project
Image Gallery

HubbleSite.org ( Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) )
Picture Album

Wikipedia
Lunar phase
Moon


^ ASTRONOMY
NASA & SPACE TRAVEL
Apollo 16 Lunar Surface Journal
Astronomy Picture of the Day - Archive, Index, Search
Earth Fly By Photos from Galileo
Kennedy Space Center Science and Technology Home Page: NASA
NASA Spacelink Electronic Library Image Files Map
NASA Timeline
Planetary Photojournal NASA
Project Galileo - Jupitor
Space Biology an Educator's Resource, Glossary, Links, Modules
universetoday.com - Links

^ ASTRONOMY
NEBULAE

Wikipedia:
    º Nebula
    º Category:Dark nebulae
    º Category:Diffuse nebulae
    º Category:Emission nebulae
    º Category:Lists of nebulae
    º Category:Nebulae
    º Category:Reflection nebulae
    º Category:Supernova remnants
    º List of dark nebulae
    º List of diffuse nebulae
    º List of nebulae
    º List of planetary nebulae
    º List of protoplanetary nebulae
    º List of supernova remnants
Diffuse nebulae
Emission nebula
    º Barnard's Loop: Horsehead Nebula Orion Nebula
    º Eagle Nebula
Orion Nebula (M42, or NGC 1976) closest region of massive star formation to Earth, 1,350 ly, naked eye visible
Planetary nebula
Reflection nebula
Supernova remnant
    º Crab Nebula in Taurus
    º Pulsar wind nebula


^ ASTRONOMY
NEWS, JOURNALS, ARTICLES
also see.. §Science & Technology News§

Directory of Open Access JournalsUse It!
Mathematics and Statistics
Physics and Astronomy
Science General

LiveScience.com
Space

MSNBC: Cosmic Log

The SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System Digital Library for Physics and Astronomy
1777 variables in the Magellanic Clouds by Henrietta Swan Leavitt

Sky and Telescope Magazine books, imaging, News, resources, tips
Sky Blogs
    º Ivan Semeniuk Embedded Universe
    º News Blog from the editors

Space.com
UniverseToday.com

^ ASTRONOMY
OBSERVATORIES

Anglo-Australian Observatory, SiteMap
Databases and Catalogues
Images
Library - Journals Online

Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit (CASU)
UK Astronomical Data Centre
INT Wide Field Survey
    º Data Access, Release

Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, Links

European Southern Observatory, Search, SiteMap
Archive - Digitized Sky Survey, HST Guide Star Catalogue, Public Datasets
Gallery
Software, Support & Tools

Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) data archive, events, gallery, Links, publications, software

Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO), Tuscon, AZ
• part of the National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO)
Image Gallery

Lick Observatory U California
MIT Haystack Observatory
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Subaru Telescope, Mauna Kea, Hawaii
Archive, Links
jMAISON Multi-wavelength Astronomical Image Service ON-line
National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), Links

^ ASTRONOMY
OPTICS/TELESCOPES
also see.. Hubble, §Microscopy§, §Optics§, Space Telescopes

400 Years of the Telescope a journey of science, technology & thought from PBS.org

Aberrator freeware: common telescope defects; Point-Spread & Modulation Transfer functions (Win95/98)

Amateur Telescope Optics how arer images formed, what factors determine quality
Telescope system specifications

ATM Mirror Mathematics

ATMOS ATM optical design & analysis software by Massimo Riccardi, amateur telescope maker
Download Freeware Demo

Celestron.com ($) Astronomy, Sport Optics, Microscope manufacturer
Telescopes

Cell freeware floatation mirror cell design program for reflecting telescopes

Global Network of Astronomical Telescopes (GNAT) for small telescope users, Links
Archives
Gallery
Information: Specs, White Papers

Internet Encyclopedia of Science by David Darling
Telescope Equipment and Techniques

Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes, About
Astronomy
Engineering
Public Information

Meade Instruments Corporation telescopes, binoculars, microscopes
Manuals

MicroObservatory
Image Directory, Archive
Select Telescope Site
Observing with NASA

MIT
MIT researchers create a 'perfect mirror'

Mount Wilson Observatory
request an observing session
Virtual Tour

Rating Mirrors article with Links by Mel Bartels
SkyAndTelescope.com
Sky and Telescope Magazine books, imaging, News, resources, tips

Skyview virtual telescope from NASA
• Interfaces:
    º Basic, Advanced
    º Custom
    º Java all functions plus color tables change, image overlays & rescaling, zooming..
    º Non-Astronomer

Stellafane ATM Pages (Amateur Telescope Making)
The Telescope historical article
Telescopes & Astronomy Sales and astronomy information, Contents, SiteMap & Search, Astralia

Wikipedia
    º Category:Space observatories
    º Category:Telescopes
    º Category:Telescope types
    º History of astronomy
    º History of the telescope
    º List of largest optical telescopes historically
    º List of largest optical reflecting telescopes
    º List of largest optical refracting telescopes
    º List of radio telescopes
    º List of space observatories
    º Timeline of telescopes, observatories, and observing technology
    º Timeline of telescope technology
Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) radio telescope array
Cassegrain reflector
Klevtsov-Cassegrain telescope
Liquid mirror
Mauna Kea Observatory
Maksutov telescope
Newtonian telescope
Radio astronomy
Radio telescope
Reflecting telescope
Refracting telescope
Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope
W. M. Keck Observatory

WorldWideTelescope.orgUse It! (WWT) virtual telescope Web 2.0 visualization software, view some of highest resolution imagery About


^ ASTRONOMY
PARALLAX

Wikipedia
Aberration of light
Astronomical constant
Astronomical unit
Cosmic distance ladder
Luminosity
Parallax
Parsec


^ ASTRONOMY
PLANETS
also see.. Extrasolar Planets, Solar System

NakedEyePlanets.com by Martin J. Powell
Wandering Stars movements & visibility cycles of naked eye planets

Nine Planets (ads)

Robert L. Nowack Professor of Geophysics, Purdue U: EAS 105, The Planets, Links

Wikipedia
    º Category:Exoplanetology
    º Category:History of astronomy
    º Category:Planets
    º Category:Planets of the Solar System
    º Category:Types of planet
    º List of planetary systems
    º List of Solar System objects in hydrostatic equilibrium
    º Timeline of solar system astronomy
Astrology
    º Astrology and astronomy
    º History of astrology
Astronomy
    º History of astronomy
Classical planet naked eye planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn forming the 7 classical planets with Sun & Moon from which the days of the week are named
Earth
Extragalactic planet
Extrasolar planet
    º Free-floating planet
    º Gravitational microlensing
    º Methods of detecting extrasolar planets
    º Pulsar planet
    º Rogue planet
Extraterrestrial life
Gas giant
Habitable zone
Heliocentrism
Jupiter (5) largest planet, 3rd-brightest night sky object, gas giant, 63 moons
Kepler's laws of planetary motion
Mars
Mercury
Neptune
Planet
Pluto (dwarf planet) 2nd largest
Saturn
Solar System
Uranus
Venus
Week-day names Sun-Sun, Mon-Moon, Tues-Mars, Wed-Mercury, Thur-Jupiter, Fri-Venus, Sat-Saturn



^ ASTRONOMY
PLANETARIUMS
also see.. Sky Maps
Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum
NASA's Observatorium
Planetarium.net books, education, Links, Forum, News

^ ASTRONOMY
PROJECT GALILEO
Project Galileo (JPL)

^ ASTRONOMY
RADIO ASTRONOMY
Big Ear Radio Observatory, Links
Beginner's Guides
Big Ear Design & Construction
Cosmic Search Magazine first magazine about SETI, complete Set of 13 issues
Dr. John Kraus “Big Ear designer, a pioneer in field”

Cyberia from U Illinois
Science for the Millennium, Movie Index
    º Whispers from the Cosmos

European Radio Astronomy Club, Links to ( Observations, Radio Telescopes )

History of Radio Astronomy, NASA
The History of Radio Astronomy a Bibliography 1898-1983, Sarah Stevens-Rayburn

Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics: The History of Jodrell Bank
1945-1950 The Early History
1951-1957 The 250ft Mk I Radio Telescope
1957-1960's The MKI and the discovery of Quasars
1964 The MKII Radio Telescope
1970 The MKIA Radio Telescope
1976 The Multi-Telescope-Radio-Linked-Interferometer
1990's The Multi-Element-Radio-Linked-Interferometer-Network (MERLIN)
2000 The Lovell Telescope Upgrade

MIT Haystack Observatory
37-meter Radio Telescope, Links
Radio Astornomy at Haystack
Small Radio Telescope (SRT) radio astronomy with a satellite TV dish

Millimetre-wave Radio Astronomy Institute ( El Instituto de Radioastronomía Milimétrica, IRAM ) in France

National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NARO), SiteMap
Sites and Telescopes: Charlottesville, VA, Green Bank, WV, Socorro, NM, Tuscon, AZ
Archives institutional records, personal papers & oral histories
History of Radio Astronomy
    º Early Radio Astronomy: The Ham Radio Connection
    º Grote Reber
    º Karl Jansky and the Discovery of Cosmic Radio Waves
    º NRAO Timeline
    º Pre-History of Radio Astronomy
Image Gallery
Library

NRAO Very Large Array Socorro, NM
Radio Astronomy Web Ring

Radiosky Publishing
Radio Astronomy History in a Nutshell

Wikipedia: Radio astronomy
    º Category:Astronomical radio sources
    º Category:Astronomy timelines
    º Category:Cosmic microwave background experiments
    º Category:History of radio
    º Category:Radio astronomy
    º Category:Radio telescopes
    º History of Radio
    º Timeline of cosmic microwave background astronomy
Astronomical radio source
Jansky, Karl Guthe (1905-1950) designed 20.5 MHz rotating antenna & discovered radio waves emanating from the Milky Way's center, 1931
Kraus, John D. (1910-2004) antenna theory
Radio astronomy
Radio galaxy
Reber, Grote (1911-2002) conducted the first sky survey in the radio frequencies with receiver built in back yard
Spark-gap transmitter
Synchrotron radiation generated naturally by fast electrons moving through magnetic fields in space
Vacuum tube
Very Long Baseline Interferometry


^ ASTRONOMY
SATELLITES

CASTOR Canadian Astronomy Satellite Tracking & Optical Research, About
Orbit Mechanics
Papers & Articles
Satellite Basics

N2yo.com real time satellite tracking

^ ASTRONOMY
SKYMAPS & VIRTUAL SPACE TRAVEL
also see.. Planetariums

AJ's Cosmic Thing stationary or moving plots, time, date, longitude, latitude, position (Java)
Aladin Java: An Interactive Sky Atlas: Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg
GrandTour Voyager/Giotto Mission Simulator (Windows/Dos freeware)
Sky3D entire sky, interactive 3-d views (Win95/98/NT shareware)
ExInEd Home Page picture books, reports, tutorials: Space Telescope Science Institute

Fourmilab Switzerlandby John Walker, founder of Autodesk, Inc., SiteMap
Earth and Moon Viewer Solar System Live
    º Inner Planets
    º Entire Solar System
Your Sky interactive planetarium

Solar System Live by John Walker from fourmilab
Inner Planets
Entire Solar System

StarStrider 3D planetarium (Win 9x shareware)
Free Virtual Galaxy Project 3D virtual reality Solar System, fly to Milky Way stars (DOS freeware)
ChView 3-d view near stars, stellar information (Win3.x/95 freeware)


^ ASTRONOMY
SOFTWARE/APPLETS
also see.., §SOFTWARE§

AASTeX Package for Manuscript Preparation (LaTeX-based) macros, About, FAQ
Andromeda Software, Inc.: Science CD-ROMs for IBM & Mac
Astronomical Information Processing System:   National Radio Astronomy Observatory

Astronomy Education at U Nebraska-Lincoln
Astronomy Simulations and Animations
    º Daylight Hours Explorer
    º Doppler Shift Demonstrator
    º Rotating Sky Explorer
    º Seasons and Ecliptic Simulator
    º Sun Motions Overview

Astronomy software servers: NRAO/Charlottesville

ATMOS ATM optical design & analysis software by Massimo Riccardi, amateur telescope maker
Download Freeware Demo

Celestia free Open Source Software from SourceForge.net
• real-time 3D space simulation, views of the universe from throughout the universe

CelestiaMotherlode.net Addon Repository for Celestia

CLEA Project: Overview of Available Software
from Gettysburg College, Physics
Current Versions of the CLEA software Download: (Excel) list: latest version numbers
General Technical User's Manual (pdf) REQUIRED
Astrometry of Asteroids
Flow of Energy Out of the Sun
Height of Lunar Mountains from an associated Non-CLEA developer
Hubble RedShift-Distance Relation
Large Scale Structure of the Universe
Photoelectric Photometry of the Pleiades
Radio Astronomy of Pulsars
Revolution of the Moons of Jupiter
Spectral Classification of Stars
Rotation of Mercury by Doppler Effect

Cybersky.com ($) software to explore the sky of the present, or of the distant past and future, print skymaps
dmoz.org astronomy software Links: Open Directory Project
manymoons some odd assumptions when close
MyStars! Shareware: Relative Data Products
Sky Charts, Free Astronomy software to draw sky charts
The sky in your computer computer science & astronomy shareware & freeware software
StarChart free, Open Source, Unix star mapping software at SourceForge.net, Manual

StarLink ProjectUse It! About, FAQ, Links, News, Search, SiteMap
Documentation, Download info, Software Store (GPL License Downloads, Unix)
Getting Started
Software, Java Software (data access, reduction and analysis)

Stellarium renders 3D photo-realistic skies in real time with OpenGL
• display stars, constellations, planets, nebulas; ground, landscape, atmosphere...
• free Open Source software from sourceforge.net (language: C, C++)

Stellarium.orgUse It! free open source planetarium for Linux, Mac & Windows, About, Forum


^ ASTRONOMY
SOLAR SYSTEM & SIMULATION
also see.. Planets, Software

Celestia free Open Source Software from SourceForge.net
• real-time 3D space simulation, travel through solar system and to over 100,000 near stars

Galileo Project
Education and Public Outreach Website
    º Glossary

Planetary Photojournal NASA

Students for the Exploration and Development of Space (SEDS)
Our PlanetsUse It! A Multimedia Tour of the Solar System

Solar System Coloring Book Index facts, images & links: U Mich
Solar System Visualization online solar system objects & spacecraft animations/movies: NASA
U Tennessee, Knoxville , Physics & Astronomy: Astronomy 161
The Solar System

Views Of The Solar System by Calvin J. Hamilton
Virtual Solar SystemUse It! nationalgeographic.com
Welcome to the Planets best images from NASA's planetary exploration program

Wikipedia
Solar nebula
Sun
Plasma
    º Solar wind
Mercury
Venus
Earth
    º Earth's magnetic field
Mars
Asteroid belt
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
Comets, Dust, Meteoroids

N-BODY & SOLAR SYSTEM SIMULATIONS
^ ASTRONOMY
SPACE TELESCOPES
also see.. Hubble, Telescopes

Wikipedia
    º Category:Space observatories
    º List of space observatories
James Webb Space Telescope
Kepler (spacecraft)
Hipparcos High precision parallax collecting satellite
Hubble Space Telescope
Space observatory


^ ASTRONOMY
STARS
also see.. Stellar Evolution, Sun

Wikipedia northern celestial hemisphere (NCH) stars, light years (ly)
Aldebaran Alpha Tauri orange giant, one of the brightest, 65 ly
Antares Alpha Scorpii red supergiant, 16th brightest, 600 ly
Arcturus Alpha Bootis, 3rd brightest
Binary system
Capella Alpha Aurigae, 6th brightest, 3rd brightest in NCH, 42 ly
Polaris (North Star) Alpha Ursae Minoris, 430 ly, multiple star
Regulus brightest in Leo, 77.5 ly
Sirius Alpha Canis Majoris, brightest in night sky, 9 ly
Spica Alpha Virginis, 15th brightest in night sky, 260 ly
Vega Alpha Lyrae, 5th brightest, 2nd brightest in NCH, 25 ly


^ ASTRONOMY
STELLAR EVOLUTION & CLASSIFICATION
also see.. §Cosmology§, Galaxies, §HISTORY of Astronomy§, Stars, Sun

ASTR 606, Stellar Structure and Evolution, Cole Miller, U Maryland, Astronomy

Astronomy 162 Introduction to Stars, Galaxies, & the Universe, Richard W. Pogge, Ohio State U, Astronomy
    º Unit 2: “The Starry Dynamo” The Structure & Evolution of Stars

Wikipedia: Stellar evolution
    º Category:Astronomy timelines
    º Category:Astrophysics
    º Category:Hertzsprung-Russell classifications
    º Category:Radio astronomy
    º Category:Standard candles
    º Category:Star types
    º Category:Stellar astronomy
    º Category:Stellar evolution
    º Category:Standard candles
    º Timeline of the Big Bang
    º Timeline of black hole physics
    º Timeline of cosmology
    º Timeline of stellar astronomy
    º Timeline of white dwarfs, neutron stars, and supernovae
    º Category:Stellar evolution
Aberration of light apparent (false) motion of celestial objects
Accretion (astrophysics)
Accretion disk
    º Circumstellar disk gas, dust, planetesimals, asteroids or collision fragments in orbit around a star
Astrometry measures and explains positions & movements of celestial bodies
Astrophysics
Big Bang
Big bang nucleosynthesis
Binary system
    º Binary star
Black dwarf hypothetical stellar remnant from cooled white dwarf
Black hole
    º Event horizon
    º Hawking radiation
    º Schwarzschild radius
    º Chandrasekhar limit
Brown dwarf
Cepheid variables pulsating variable stars, standard candles, foundation of the Extragalactic Distance Scale
Color-color diagram compare apparent magnitudes at different wavelengths
Cosmic distance ladder
Cosmic microwave background
Cosmology
61 Cygni 11.4 ly, first star distance ever measured by Friedrich Bessel
Distance measures (cosmology)
    º Cepheid variables pulsating variable stars, standard candles, foundation of the Extragalactic Distance Scale
    º Cosmic distance ladder
    º Distance modulus
    º Parallax
    º Tip of the red giant branch distance indicator using luminosity of brightest red giant branch stars in a galaxy to gauge the galaxy's distance
    º Triangulation
Electromagnetic spectrum
Electron degeneracy pressure
    º Degenerate matter
Formation and evolution of the Solar System
    º Nebular hypothesis
Galaxy
    º Active galactic nucleus
    º Andromeda Galaxy
    º Galaxy formation and evolution
    º Milky Way Galaxy
General relativity
Gravitational collapse
Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
    º Instability strip
    º Stellar birthline
    º Turnoff point
Hubble's law
Interstellar cloud accumulation of gas, plasma and dust within galaxies
    º Molecular cloud density and size permits molecule formations, stellar nursery if star formation is occurring within
Interstellar medium
Inverse-square law
Irradiance
Luminosity
    º Absolute magnitude intrinsic brightness or apparent magnitude of an boject placed at standard distance
    º Apparent magnitude measure of object's brightness as seen from Eart
    º Mass-luminosity relation
Main sequence
    º O-type main sequence star blue
    º B-type main sequence star blue-white
    º A-type main sequence star white
    º F-type main sequence star yellow-white
    º G-type main sequence star yellow, eg, the Sun
    º K-type main sequence star orange
    º M-type main sequence star, red
Nebular hypothesis
Neutron star
    º Pulsar
Nova
Nuclear fusion
    º Big Bang nucleosynthesis
    º Deuterium
    º Hydrogen
    º Helium
    º Helium fusion
    º Nucleosynthesis
    º Stellar nucleosynthesis
    º Supernova nucleosynthesis
Orion Nebula example of a stellar nursery containing stars in various stages of formation
Physical cosmology
Planetary nebula
    º Emission nebula
Pre-main sequence star
Proper motion
Protoplanetary disk rotating circumstellar disk of dense gas surrounding a young newly formed star
Quasar very energetic and distant galaxy, most distant bodies in the observable universe
    º Blazar
Radial velocity
Radiation
    º Electromagnetic radiation
    º Gamma ray
    º Infrared
    º Ionizing radiation
    º Light
    º Microwave
    º Radio waves
    º Ultraviolet
    º Visible spectrum
    º X-ray
Radio astronomy
    º Astronomical radio source
    º Interferometry
    º Radio waves
Red dwarf
Red Giant
Redshift
Spectroscopy
    º Absorption spectrum
    º Continuous spectrum
    º Diffraction grating
    º Emission spectrum
    º Gamma ray spectrometer
    º Gamma spectroscopy
    º Redshift
    º Spectral line
    º Spectrum analysis
    º X-ray spectroscopy
• Standard Candle (see Cosmic distance ladder)
Star
Star cluster clusters of stars within galaxies
    º Globular cluster up to many billions of years old, tight spherical collection of stars that orbits galactic core
    º Open cluster up to a few hundred million years old loosely bound collection of stars in galactic planes of star forming spiral or irregular galaxies
Star formation
Star system
    º Multiple star systems
    º Binary star
Stefan-Boltzmann law relation between temperature & irradiance
Stellar classification
Stellar evolution
Stellar nucleosynthesis
Stellar structure
Sun
    º Chromosphere
    º Corona
    º Photosphere
    º Solar flare
    º Solar prominence
    º Solar transition region
    º Standard Solar Model
    º Sunspot
Supergiant
Supernova
    º Type II supernova
    º Supernova nucleosynthesis
Variable star
    º Cepheid variable
Vogt-Russell theorem
White dwarf
Young stellar object
    º Pre-main sequence star
    º Protostar


^ ASTRONOMY
SUN, Our STAR
also see.. §Solar Energy§, Stars, Stellar Evolution

Alien Worlds shedding light on our unearthly universe
The Structure of the Sun

Google Video
The Universe: Secrets of the Sun

PBS: NOVA
Secrets of the Sun

Wikipedia: Sun
    º Category:Missions to the Sun
    º Category:Solar phenomena
    º Category:Solar telescopes
    º Category:Sun
Afterglow colored appearance of earth's atmosphere due to dust particles
Aurora (astronomy) light emmisions of ionized oxygen (green or brownish-red) & nitrogen (blue, red or pink) caused by solar wind
Chromosphere between the photosphere and solar transition region
Convection zone
Corona
    º Coronal hole
    º Coronal loop
    º Coronal mass ejection
Coronium
Declination#Declination of the Sun as seen from Earth
Dyson, Freeman (1923)
    º Dyson sphere
Ecliptic
Faint young Sun paradox
G-type main sequence star
Geomagnetic storm
Helios (spacecraft)
Helioseismology
Heliosphere bubble of charged particles surrounding the solar system blown outward by solar wind
Heliophysics
Ionization
Lagrange point
Living With a Star (LWS) NASA program
Nuclear fusion
Photosphere
Plasma (physics)
Radiation zone
Ray (optics)
    º Anticrepuscular ray
    º Crepuscular ray
• SOHO spacecraft (see Solar and Heliospheric Observatory)
• Solar Atmosphere
    º Chromosphere
    º Corona
    º Photosphere
Solar core
Solar cycle
    º Solar maximum
    º Solar minimum
Solar Dynamics Observatory launched 2010
Solar eclipse
Solar Energetic Particles
Solar flare
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft
Solar luminosity
Solar mass
Solar neutrino problem
Solar Orbiter planned 2017 launch
Solar physics
Solar power
Solar prominence
Solar radius
• Solar storm (see Geomagnetic Storm)
    º Solar storm of 1859
Solar system
Solar transition region
Solar variation
Solar wind
Space weather
Space Weather Prediction Center
Spectrohelioscope
Spectrum
    º Visible spectrum
Standard solar model
Star
Stellar classification
    º Main sequence star
    º G-type main sequence star
Stellar evolution
Stellar magnetic field
Stellar structure
Sun
Sunlight
Sunrise
Sunrise equation
Sunset
Sunspot


^ ASTRONOMY
SUPERNOVAS

Brookhaven National Laboratory: SNEWS: SuperNova Early Warning System
Supernovas: Making Astronomical History
Wikipedia: Supernova

^ ASTRONOMY
TUTORIALS
also see.. Education

Amazing Space from the Space Telescope Science Institute
Capture the Cosmos
Hubble Gallery
Online Exploration

Astronomy 162 Introduction to Stars, Galaxies, & the Universe, Richard W. Pogge, Ohio State U, Astronomy

European Association for Astronomy Education (EAAE)
EAAE - IAU Summer Schools network for teachers interested in Astronomy: Astronomical WorkshopsUse It! Contents
    º Roemer and the Velocity of Light

James Schombert, U Oregon, Physics: Astronomy 122: Birth and Death of Stars 26 Lectures with Quizes
• Lectures
    º 1. Introduction
    º 2. Celestial Sphere
    º 3. Matter & Energy
    º 4. Light

AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Amazing Space from the Space Telescope Science Institute (STSI), Links, SiteMap
Capture the Cosmos
    º Black Holes, Comets, Galaxies, Solar system, Stars & stellar evolution
    º Gravity, Light and color
    º History of science
Online Explorations
    º Comets, Planet Impact!, Solar System Trading Cards
    º Galaxies Galore, Galaxy Hunter
    º From Galileo to HST
    º Hubble Deep Field Academy
    º Mission Mastermind
    º Star Light, Star Bright
    º The Truth About Black Holes
For educators and developers

Ask an AstronomerUse It! ( Ask ) About, Links
from Cornell U, Astonomy ( Resources ) additional Links within each site below
• Observational Astronomy: Eclipses, Telescopes, Timekeeping, Stargazing
• Solar System: Comets, Meters, Asteroids, Earth, Moon, Planets, Sun
• Universe: Black Holes, Quasars, Cosmology, Big Bang, Galaxies, Milky Way, Planets, Stars, Supernovae
• Miscellaneous:
    º Careers
    º History of Astronomy
    º Physics, Relativity
    º SETI,Extra-Terrestrial Life, Space Exploration, Astronauts

Ask Dr. Universe from Washington State U

Ask a Scientist Archive - Search:   NEWTON/ANL, Argonne National Lab
(bad link?) Astronomy

Astronomical Society of the Pacific
An Ancient Universe: How Astronomers Know the Vast Scale of Cosmic Time

Bad Astronomy Be very, very careful what you put into that head, because you will never, ever get it out.

Cool Cosmos Heat, Temperature & Multiwave Astronomy, About, SiteMap

Imagine the UniverseUse It! from NASA, Dictionary, Links, SiteMap
• Cosmic Objects
    º Active Galaxies & Quasars, Black Holes
    º Cosmic Rays, Gamma-Ray Bursts, X-ray Binary Systems, X-ray Transients
    º Dark Matter, Diffuse Background
    º Neutron Stars and Pulsars
    º Stars, Sun, Supernovae, White Dwarfs
Special Exhibit, multimedia
Teachers Corner Lesson Plans
Stallites & Data to study the high-energy universe
Science & Advanced Science with Search, black holes, galaxies & other objects
    º Electromagnetic Spectrum - Intro: Radio, Micro-, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X- & Gamma- Ray

Liftoff to Space Exploration StarChild Astronomical Data Services
Messier Catalog from the Students for the Exploration and Development of Space (SEDS)

MIT Open CoursewareUse It! All Courses Index, Audio/Video Courses
Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences
Physics

Ned Wright's Cosmology Tutorial: UCLA

OpenCourse.info: Introduction to Astronomy

Perkins Observatory
Educational Resources (pdf's) see Copyright Notice!
    º It's Spring! Follow the Arc
    º Solar Viewing Pinhole Box
    º The Stars of Autumn
    º The Summer Triangle
    º The Winter Ellipse
    º Timeline of Modern Astronomy

Students for the Exploration and Development of SpaceUse It! (SEDS)
• Guides - Software, Orbital Telescopes
• Astronomy
    º Astromaps
    º Best of the Hubble Space Telescope
    º Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 Archive collision with Jupiter
    º Constellations
    º Interactive NGC Catalog
    º Messier Catalog
    º Nine Planets Solar System Tour
    º Web Nebulae

Windows to the Universe ( from the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research ), Search
Ask A Scientist
Earth
Geology
Myths about the Sky, Constellations, and Stars
Solar System
Universe


^ ASTRONOMY
TV & VIDEO

GalaxyDynamics.org by John Dubinski, Links
Animations
Papers

MIT Open CoursewareUse It! All Courses Index, Audio/Video Courses, governed by Creative Commons license
Aeronautics and Astronautics
    º Astrodynamics: Video Lecture: Guidance, Navigation and Control of the Apollo Spacecraft
Physics
    º The Early Universe: Video Lectures Alan Guth
    º 8.224 Exploring Black Holes: General Relativity & Astrophysics: Videos & Lecture Notes

Streaming-madness.net (ads)
Youtube.com
GalaxyDynamics
P.E. Robinson: Introductory Astronomy
    º 1) Positions on the Celestial Sphere
    º 11) Luminosity, Temperature, and Surface Area
    º 14) Different Types of Spectra
    º 15) Comparing Photographic Spectrum to Spectral Curve
    º 19) Parallax, the Parsec, and Distances
    º 20) The H-R Diagram
    º 22) Eclipsing Binary Stars
    º 27) Size Scale of the Milky Way
    º 28) Galaxy Classifications
    º 30) Spectroscopic Parallax
PhysTV
    º Sun, Earth, Moon animation


^ ASTRONOMY
UNIVERSE, STRUCTURE OF THE UNIVERSE
also see.. §Cosmology§, §PHILOSOPHY§, §RELIGIONS§

Planetary Sciences at the NSSDC
Space History Time Line

Wikipedia
Age of the Universe
Anthropic principle
Astrophysics
Big Bang
    º Big Bang nucleosynthesis
    º Timeline of the Big Bang
Cosmic microwave background radiation
Cosmic distance ladder
Cosmology
    º Physical cosmology
Cosmos
Dark energy
Dark matter
Galaxy
Galaxy groups and clusters
Gravitation
Great Attractor
Heat death of the universe
Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
Hubble's law
Lyman alpha blob
Magnitude (astronomy)
    º Absolute magnitude
    º Apparent magnitude
Metric expansion of space
Milky Way
    º Local Group
    º Virgo Cluster (Local Cluster)
    º Virgo Supercluster (Local Supercluster)
Multiverse
Nucleosynthesis
    º Big Bang nucleosynthesis
    º Cosmic ray spallation
    º Stellar nucleosynthesis
    º Supernova nucleosynthesis
Observable universe
Outer space
Parallax
Philosophy
    º Metaphysics
    º Natural philosophy
    º Omega point
    º Ontology
Redshift
    º Cosmological redshift - due to the expansion of space (not observed within the Local Group of galaxies due to gravitational effects overwhelming expansion tendency)
    º Doppler effect due to objects moving through space
    º Gravitational redshift due to loss of energy in escaping a gravitational field
Relativity, Theory of
    º General Relativity, History of general relativity
    º Special relativity, History of special relativity
Speed of Light
    º Faster-than-light
Star
Star cluster
Stellar nucleosynthesis
Supercluster
Universe ( Galaxy filament ( Supercluster ( Clusters of galaxies ( Groups of galaxies ( Galaxy)))))


^ ASTRONOMY
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