ELA Philosophy Directory

ELA PHILOSOPHY DIRECTORY

^ PHILOSOPHY

ANCIENT
Ancient Greek Philosophy Prof. Freeland, Rice U
Ancient Philosophy Home Page Y. Kaneko, Japan
Exploring Plato's Dialogues: Internet Pages of Interest to Scholars of Plato
Google Books
• Burnet, John
º Early Greek philosophy 1892
• Kant, Immanuel
º Critique of pure reason Tr. Henry G. Bohn, 1855
º Perpetual peace, a philosophic essay 1795
º Theory of ethics 1873 • Russell, Bertrand
• Windelband, Wilhelm
º History Of Ancient Philosophy 1899
º History of Philosophy 1901

Greek Philosophy Archive: U Georgia

John Burnet's Early Greek Philosophy Use It!

online book from Anthony F. Beavers, Ph.D., U Evansville

Presocratic Philosophers: U Tennessee
Primary Text Index: Greek: Perseus Project: Tufts U

^ PHILOSOPHY

ARISTOTLE

Internet Classics Archive: Select Author
• Works by Aristotle
º On Generation and Corruption
º Physics: Bk III

Wikiquote
• Aristotle
• Infinity

^ PHILOSOPHY

ARTICLES

The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Use It!

Classics in HTML, text & RTF:

The Logic Museum

Marxists.org - Reference Writers, Works by Author, Miniature Library of Philosophy

Philosophy the English Server
Philosophy Pages - Philosophers... from Garth Kemerling

PhilSci-Archive

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Use It!

Abridged Table of Contents, Search

Wikipedia
º Category:History of ideas
º Category:Philosophers
º Category:Philosophical theories
º Category:Philosophy-related lists
º List of philosophers
º Outline of logic
º Outline of philosophy
º Portal:Philosophy
• 17th-century philosophy
• 18th-century philosophy
• 19th-century philosophy
• Aesthetics
• Ancient philosophy
• Contemporary philosophy
• Eastern philosophy
• Epistemology
• Ethics
• Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich
º #Heraclitus
• Heraclitus
• History of ethics
• History of philosophy
• Ineffability
• Logic
• Medieval philosophy
• Metaphysics
• Modern philosophy
• Philosophy
• Philosophy of science
• Philosophy of technology
• Pre-Socratic philosophy
• Renaissance philosophy

^ PHILOSOPHY

ASSOCIATIONS
American Philosophical Association guides, Philosopher sites, web resources

Canadian Philosophical Association Forum, jobs, publications
Society for Philosophical Inquiry calendar, news

^ PHILOSOPHY

AUDIO

Librivox.org public domain audio books
• Descartes, Rene
º Discourse on the Method
º Meditations
• Plato
º The Republic
º The Symposium
º Timaeus
• Santayana, George
º Some Turns of Thought in Modern Philosophy
• Whitehead, Alfred North
º The Concept of Nature

^ PHILOSOPHY

BOOKS

EarlyModernTexts.com Use It!

some texts from early modern philosophy, edited for easier reading

Google Books
• Burnet, John
º Early Greek philosophy 1892
• Condillac, Etienne Bonnot de
º An Essay on the Origin of Human Knowledge (1756)
º The Theory of Agreeable Sensations (1774)
• Descartes, Rene
º Discourse on the method of rightly conducting reason, and seeking truth in the sciences 1910
º The Meditations, and selections from the Principles of René Descartes
º The Method, Meditations, and selections from the Principles of Descartes
• Kant, Immanuel
º Critique of pure reason Tr. Henry G. Bohn, 1855
º Perpetual peace, a philosophic essay 1795
º Theory of ethics 1873
• Lakoff, George
º Philosophy in the Flesh: the embodied mind and its challenge to Western thought
• Lewes, George Henry
º A Biographical History of Philosophy 1892
• Murray, Gilbert
º Four stages of Greek religion
• Russell, Bertrand
º Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy
• Windelband, Wilhelm
º History Of Ancient Philosophy 1899
º History of Philosophy 1901

Project Gutenberg
• Locke, John, 1632-1704
º An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1, Volume 2
º Second Treatise of Government
• Murray, Gilbert, 1866-1957
º Five Stages of Greek Religion

^ PHILOSOPHY

CONTEMPORARY
also see.. Masters, Philosophers

Norman Swartz - Biography from Simon Fraser U
• Books, Lectures and Other Materials written by Norman Swartz
• Free Norman Swartz Book Downloads (pdf)
º Beyond Experience: Metaphysical Theories and Philosophical Constraints
º The Concept of Physical Law
º Possible Worlds: An Introduction to Logic and its Philosophy
• Philosophical Clippings

^ PHILOSOPHY

CYBERNETICS
Principia Cybernetica Web, About, Search, SiteMap - Web Dictionary of Cybernetics and Systems
• Principles of Systems and Cybernetics

^ PHILOSOPHY

DE UNAMUNO, MIGUEL

Wikipedia: Miguel de Unamuno
Wikiquote
• Miguel de Unamuno

^ PHILOSOPHY

DESCARTES, RENÉ (1596-1650)
Bjorn's Guide to Philosophy - Philosophers: René Descartes 1596-1650
René Descartes 1596-1650: Island-of-Freedom.com - Philosophers
René Descartes (1596-1650): Philosophy Pages - Philosophers... from Garth Kemerling

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Abridged Table of Contents: Descarte's..
• Epistemology
• Life and Works
• Ontological Argument

The World or Treatise on Light Use It!

Translated by Michael S. Mahoney

^ PHILOSOPHY

EDUCATION
History (of Russell..), Philosophy, Science

^ PHILOSOPHY

EPISTEMOLOGY, KNOWING, KNOWLEDGE
also see.. Ontology
DIRECTORIES-Epistemology
dmoz.org Open Directory | Google.com | Yahoo.com

The Centre For Logic, Epistemology And The History Of Science (CLE) interdisciplinary studies Search Page

Cogprints: Epitstemology archive (UK Electronic Libraries programme) includes work from major journals

Epistemelinks.com, About, FAQ, Links to ETexts, Philosophers, Topics, Traditions, Time Periods
• Epistemology

Epsitemology: The Fresian School influence of Jacob Friedrich Fries (1773–1843)
• essays surveying major figures & issues

The Epistemology Page by Keith DeRose, Yale U
• What Is Epistemology? A Brief Introduction

Epistemology Research Guide & Links by Dr. Keith Korcz, U Louisiana, Lafayette
Is Justified True Belief Knowledge? by Edmund L. Gettier from Digital Text International
Justification, Truth and Belief Forum (JTB) sharing queries, problems & research ideas; download papers
Lecture Notes, UC Davis Philosophy 102, the Theory of Knowledge
the Lycaeum, Epistemology, Consciousness, and the Mind

MindMedia - Douglas Mawson Institute of TAFE, The Heart of the Matter MainMenu:
• World Views: Understanding a Changing World

Paideia Project on-line, Links, Search, SiteMap from Boston U
• 20th WCP: Theory of Knowledge (World Congress of Philosophy)
• Paideia Archive

PerryNetwork.org, About
• William Perry's scheme of intellectual and ethical development

Philosophy in Cyberspace: Metaphysics and Epistemology Metaphysics and Epistemology Links
Principia Cybernetica, Epistemology introduction
The Problems of Philosophy by Bertrand Russell (1912) online book

Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Epistemology & Links Use It!

by Peter D. Klein

Serendip, Guest Exhibitions, Mind and Body: René Descartes to William James
• The Rise of Experimental Psychology with 17th and 18th Centuries: The Epistemology of Mind

Social Science Information Gateway (SOSIG)
• Knowledge and Science Epistemology associations, educational materials, Forums, publications

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Index of /entries
• epistemology ( Bayesian, Evolutionary, Naturalized, Social, Virtue )
• knowledge-analysis
• qualia ( Inverted, Knowledge )
• skepticism ( Ancient, Moral )

Wikipedia
º Category:Epistemology
• Abductive reasoning
• Epistemology
• Theory of justification

^ PHILOSOPHY

ETHICS
also see.. §RELIGIONS-Ethics§

Ethics Links DePaul University
Ethics Resources on the Net DePaul U
Ethics on the World Wide Web Search: Paul Martin Lester, Cal State Fullerton

Justice with Michael Sandel Harvard U lecture series
• Watch Videos Use It!

MIT: Classics
• Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics

The Philosophers Magazine: Ethics Portal

Wikipedia
º Category:Ethics
º Category:Morality
º Index of ethics articles
• Applied ethics
• Anscombe, G.E.M. (1919-2001)
º Modern Moral Philosophy 1958
• Bentham, Jeremy (1748-1832) advocacy of utilitarianism & animal rights
• Categorical imperative
• Consequentialism a morally right act (or omission) will produce a good outcome or consequence
• Cost-benefit analysis
• Deontological ethics
• Descriptive ethics
• Desert (philosophy)
• Discourse ethics
• Double-mindedness
• Ethical calculus
• Ethical decision
• Ethics of justice
• Ethical dilemma
• Ethics
• Eudaimonia happiness or human flourishing
• Hypothetical imperative
• Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)
º Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals 1785
• Kierkegaard, Soren (1813-1855)
• Meta-ethics
• Moral reasoning
• Moral relativism
• Moral psychology
• Normative ethics
• Outline of ethics
• Rational reconstruction
• Utilitarianism

^ PHILOSOPHY

ETHNIC & NATIONAL
African Philosophy Resources Bruce Janz
Asian Philosophy Journal
Czech Philosophy in the Twentieth Century article
The History of American Thought development & its relation to other disciplines

^ PHILOSOPHY

EXISTENTIALISM
Existentialism: An Introduction ethics, history, philosophers: Christopher Scott Wyatt
Existential Philosophy Website: Links, phenomenology, philosophers
the Realm of Existentialism Katharena Eiermann

^ PHILOSOPHY

FIND
DIRECTORIES-Philosophy
dmoz Open Directory | Google | Virtual Library | Wikipedia | Yahoo
Alexander Chislenko
• Great Thinkers and Visionaries on the Net
º Copernic Search Results

Björn's Guide to Philosophy Use It!

Bios, e-texts, Links, journals

Continental Philosophy: Dogpile Open Directory

Dictionary of the History of Ideas Use It!

Contents, Search
• from the Electronic Text Center, U Virginia Library
• Religion & Philosophy religious and philosophical ideas

A Dictionary of Philosophical Terms and Names: PhilosophyPages.com

Ditext.com, Links ( etexts, Search Engines )
• Philosophical Topics: Online Papers and Books Use It!

Epistemelinks.com, About, FAQ, Links to ETexts Use It!

, Philosophers, Topics, Traditions, Time Periods

Epistemology Research Guide & Links Use It!

by Dr. Keith Korcz, U Louisiana, Lafayette

Erratic Impact's Philosophy Research Base: History, Philosophers, Site Index, Topics
Guide to Philosophy on the Internet Peter Suber, Earlham College

History of Philosophy Use It!

Proceedings of the Friesian School philosophy archive & electronic journal

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Use It!

U Tennessee, Martin

The Ism Book Field Guide to the Nomenclature of Philosophy

The Linking Library Use It!

Philosophy
Michigan eLibrary (MEL), Links "Best of the Internet"
• Arts & Humanities
º Philosophy

The Notebook for Contemporary Continental Philosophy Scott H. Moore, Baylor U

Paideia Project on-line, Links, Search, SiteMap from Boston U
• 20th WCP: Theory of Knowledge (World Congress of Philosophy)
• Paideia Archive

The Philosophers Magazine: Articles, Portals - Ethics, Religion & Science Links
Philosophical Research Online authors, Links, professional registry, reference works, Search
Philosophy: the English Server
Philosophy: Roger B. Jones - analytic, classic, epistomolgy, history, speculative
Philosophy: Social Science Information Gateway (SOSIG)

Philosophy around the Web Use It!

calendars, distance learning, Links, philosophers...

Philosophy in Cyberspace Use It!

- Branches of Philosophy (no longer maintained?): Dey Alexander, Monash U

Philosophy Documentation Center database, reference products, instructional materials, publishing services
Philosophy of History Archive calendar, Links, pubs, research,
Philosophy Links Links: Johns Hopkins U
Philosophy Links System Of Life Institute (SOLI)
Philosophy Overview annotated directory, Stephen Clark, U Liverpool
Philosophy Page Links: Maricopa Center for Learning & Instruction

Philosophy Pages See It!

Dieter Koehler, U Heidelberg

Philosophy Project, U Chicago

Philosophy since the Enlightenment, by Roger Jones Use It!

• Analytic Philosophy, Enlightenment, Existentialism, God, Links
• Mind, Moral Philosophy, Post-structuralism, Romanticism, Science, Support [Educational] Materials

Philosophy Sites on the Internet: Philosophy Dept at Tel Aviv U
Principia Cybernetica Web - Web Dictionary of Cybernetics and Systems
Qozi.com - Philosophy Resources
Principia Cybernetica - SiteMap
Resources of Scholarly Societies - Philosophy U Waterloo
Shanon's Dialectic Art, Fringe, Philosophy: Shannon Mauldin

Social Science Information Gateway (SOSIG): Philosophy Use It!

Links

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Use It!

Abridged Table of Contents, Search
• Mirror Sites: U Sydney, U Amsterdam, U Leeds

U Waterloo, Dept Philosophy - Links Use It!

Useful Philosophy Links on the Internet U Edinburgh
The Value of Knowledge a Miniature Library of Philosophy (marxists.org)
Voice of the Shuttle: Philosophy Page Use It!

U California, Santa Barbara
WWW Virtual Library: Philosophy
Yahoo Search Philosophy@Arts: Humanities

^ PHILOSOPHY

FOCUS

The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Use It!

Classics in HTML, text & RTF:

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Use It!

Abridged Table of Contents, Search

Wikipedia
• Aesthetics
• Category:Ethics
• Category:History of philosophy
• Category:Metaphilosophy
• Category:Metaphysics
• Category:Ontology
• Category:Epistemology
• Category:Philosophers
• Category:Philosophy
• Category:Philosophy education
• Category:Timelines of philosophers
• Category:Wikipedia:Books on philosophy
• Ethics
• Glossary of philosophy
• History of philosophy
• Lewis Carroll
• Logic puzzle
• Ontology
• Paradox
• Portal:Philosophy
• Raymond Smullyan
• Timeline of Eastern philosophers
• Timeline of philosophers
• Timeline of Western philosophers
• Wikipedia:WikiProject Philosophy
• Wikipedia:WikiProject Philosophy/Aesthetics

^ PHILOSOPHY

FORUMS

GetWiki.net

^ PHILOSOPHY

HEGEL, G. W. F.
Bjorn's Guide to Philosophy - Philosophers: Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel 1770-1831
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Abridged Table of Contents

G.W.F. Hegel: J. Carl Mickelsen, Dept of Philosophy, U Idaho texts online -
• Lectures on the History of Philosophy
• Logic
• Phenomenology of Mind
• The Philosophy of History
• Philosophy of Mind

GWFHegel.org Hegel's Science of Philosophy
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 1770-1831: Philosophers, Island-of-Freedom.com

Hegel by Hypertext: Marxists.org - Reference Writers, Works by Author, Miniature Library of Philosophy
• Outline of Logic
• Outline of Phenomenology
• Philosophy of Nature
• Philosophy of Right
• Science of Logic

Hegel.net
Hegel Society of America: Links
Hegel Society of Great Britain - Links

^ PHILOSOPHY

HISTORY
also see.. §HISTORY§, §HISTORY OF SCIENCE§

DIRECTORIES-History of Philosophy
dmoz Open Directory | Google | Wikipedia | Yahoo
Dictionary of the History of Ideas online book, Contents ( Subject, Author ) Index
Early Philosophers of Technology Regent U
Episteme Links: Philosophers

Google Books
• Lewes, George Henry
º The History of Philosophy: from Thales to Comte Vol.1, Vol.2

Great Voyages The History of Western Philosophy 1492-1776, SiteMap
• Spinoza
• Timeline

History of Philosophy Use It!

Proceedings of the Friesian School philosophy archive & electronic journal

International Union of the History and Philosophy of Science (IUHPS)
John Longeway University of Wisconsin-Parkside Philosophy Department
• Chapters in a History of Philosophy
• Mediaeval Philosophy works of Simon of Faversham (d. 1306)

Philosophy since the Enlightenment, by Roger Jones Use It!

• Analytic Philosophy, Enlightenment, Existentialism, God, Links
• Mind, Moral Philosophy, Post-structuralism, Romanticism, Science, Support [Educational] Materials

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Use It!

Abridged Table of Contents, Search
• Medieval Philosophy

Timeline of Western Philosophy Use It!

The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Wikipedia
º Category:Ancient philosophers
º Category:History of philosophy
º Category:Medieval philosophers
º Category:Modern philosophers
º Category:Lists of philosophers by time period
• History of philosophy
• Bertrand Russell (1872-1970)
º A History of Western Philosophy

PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY
History and Theory: Studies in the Philosophy of History quarterly journal - articles, reviews & books
Philosophy of History Search Archive of papers: Boston U
Philosophy of History Archive e-texts, journals, on-line papers: Russia

^ PHILOSOPHY

INFINITY

LogicMuseum.com
• Philosophy and the infinite

^ PHILOSOPHY

KANT, IMMANUEL (1724-1804)
Björn's Guide to Philosophy - Philosophers: Immanuel Kant 1724-1804

eBooks@Adelaide online texts, U Adelaide
• Immanuel Kant, 1724-1804

Immanuel Kant 1724-1804: Philosophers, Island-of-Freedom.com
Immanuel Kant (1724-1804): Philosophy Pages - Philosophers... from Garth Kemerling
Kant: Epistemelinks.com - ETexts

Kant Index: OnLine Books, Virginia Tech Institute & State U
• Critique of Of Practical Reason
• Critique of Pure Reason
• Introduction To The Metaphysic Of Morals
• The Metaphysical Elements Of Ethics
• The Science Of Right

Kant on the Web - Etexts, Links, Resources, Writings

^ PHILOSOPHY

KIERKEGAARD, SØREN AABYE (1813-1855)
Björn's Guide to Philosophy - Philosophers: Soren Kierkegaard 1813-1855

D. Anthony Storm's Website On Kierkegaard:
• Biography, Commentary, Image Gallery, Links, Method, Primer, Site Map

Howard V. and Edna H. Hong Kierkegaard Library - Links
Kierkegaard on the Internet: Forum, Links, the Philosopher, Submitted Papers about the philosopher
Søren Aabye Kierkegaard (1813-1855): Philosophy Pages - Philosophers... from Garth Kemerling
Søren Kierkegaard a Danish Philosopher of World Renown, A Website course - Links
Søren Kierkegaard: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Abridged Table of Contents

^ PHILOSOPHY

KUHN, THOMAS
Kuhn, Thomas by Andreas Ehrencrona
The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (Ch9): Marxists.org - Works by Author, Miniature Library of Philosophy

^ PHILOSOPHY

LEIBNIZ, GOTTFRIED WILHELM (1646-1716)
Björn's Guide to Philosophy - Philosophers: Gottfried Willhelm von Leibniz 1646-1716
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz 1646-1716: Philosophers, Island-of-Freedom.com

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: Online Books, Virginia Tech Institute & State U
• The Monadology

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: Texts and Translations
• The Logic of Leibniz by Louis Couturat

G.W. Leibniz - Brief Chronology: UC San Diego Philosophy Dept
• Philosophical Dream
• On Generosity
• Reflections on the Souls of Beasts
• Monadology

G. W. Leibniz Texts and Translations

Leibniz-Translations.com

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Contents
• Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm
º ethics
º on causation, on the problem of evil
º philosophy of mind

Works by Gottfried Wil Leibniz: 4Literature.net
• Correspondence with Arnauld
• Discourse on Metaphysics
• Monadology

^ PHILOSOPHY

LOCKE, JOHN

Project Gutenberg
• Locke, John, 1632-1704
º An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1, Volume 2
º Second Treatise of Government

Wikipedia
• History of liberalism#Beginning
• Locke, John (1632-1704)
º Of the Conduct of the Understanding 1706
º An Essay Concerning Human Understanding 1690
º A Letter Concerning Toleration 1689
º Some Thoughts Concerning Education 1693
º Two Treatises of Government 1689
• Social contract#John Locke's Second Treatise of Government(1689)

^ PHILOSOPHY

LOGIC
also see.. Math, §Foundations of MATHEMATICS§, §Proof (MATHEMATICS)§

Arguments and Their Evaluation downloadable article: U Northern Colorado
The Atheism Web Logic & Fallacies, the basics of logical reasoning
The Critical Thinking Community books, events, Library, resources...
Elementary Logic short article by James Fieser

Gateway to Logic web-based logic programs offering online functions
• Automated Theorem Prover for Classical Predicate Logic
• Functions: Client-side, Server-sides
• Proof: Builder, Checker
• Purchase CD from Tmpst.com

Helsinki Logic Group

The Logic Machine - Daemon Proof Checker, Primer, Quizmaster
Logic Software from CSLI educational: Stanford U Centre for Study Language & Information
LO Logic PDF articles: Front for the Mathematics ArXiv
Automated theorem proving

Wikipedia
• Category:Logic
• Category:Mathematics
• Category:Philosophy
• Category:Rules of Inference Use It!

• Apodicticity
• Lewis Carroll
• Logic puzzle
• Paradox
• Raymond Smullyan

^ PHILOSOPHY

MARX

Marxism Page, Search
• Manifesto of the Communist Party 1848, Karl Marx & Frederick Engels

Marxists Internet Archive - Marx/Engels Library ( Capital Vol 1)

^ PHILOSOPHY

MASTERS, PHILOSOPHERS
also see.. Contemporary
DIRECTORIES-Philosophers
dmoz.org Open Directory | Google.com | Yahoo.com Bjorn's Guide to Philosophy - Philosophers
Episteme Links: Philosophers
From DesCartes to James

The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Use It!

Classics in HTML, text & RTF:

Island-of-Freedom.com - Philosophers
Marxists.org - Reference Writers, Works by Author, Miniature Library of Philosophy
Philosophy the English Server
Philosophy Pages - Philosophers... from Garth Kemerling

Spinoza's Ethics, A Polished Lens, About
• Spinoza's Foci

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Use It!

Abridged Table of Contents, Search
• Aquinas, Saint Thomas (1225-1274)
• Augustine, Saint (1225-1274)
• Condillac, Étienne Bonnot de
• René Descartes (1596-1650)
• Dewey's Political Philosophy
• Emerson, Ralph Waldo (1803-1882)
• Foucault, Michel (1926-1984)
• Gassendi, Pierre (1592-1655)
• Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1770-1831)
• William James (~1895-1920)
• Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)
• Søren Kierkegaard (1813-1855)
• Thomas Kuhn (1922-1996)
• Nietzsche, Friedrich (1844-1900)
• Peirce, Charles Sanders (1839-1914)
• Plato (429-347 B.C.E.)
• Henri Poincaré (1854-1912)
• Santayana, George (1863-1952)
• Schopenhauer, Arthur (1788-1860)
• Spinoza, Baruch (1632-1677)
• Wittgenstein, Ludwig (1889-1951)

Wikipedia
º Category:History of philosophy
º Category:Lists of philosophers by time period
º Category:Philosophers
º Category:Philosophy
• Aquinas, Thomas (1225-1274)
• Augustine of Hippo (354-430)
• Bentham, Jeremy (1748-1832) advocacy of utilitarianism & animal rights
• Condillac, Étienne Bonnot de (1715-1780)
• Descartes, Rene (1596-1650)
• Dewey, John (1859-1952)
• Emerson, Ralph Waldo (1803-1882)
• Foucault, Michel (1926-1984)
• Gassendi, Pierre (1592-1655)
• Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1770-1831)
• James, William (1842-1910)
• Kant, Immanuel (1724-1804)
• Kierkegaard, Soren (1813-1855)
• Kuhn, Thomas (1922-1996)
• Nietzsche, Friedrich (1844-1900)
• Peirce, Charles Sanders (1839-1914)
• Plato (427-347 BC)
• Polanyi, Michael (1891-1976)
• Poincare, Henri (1854-1912)
• Santayana, George (1863-1952)
• Schopenhauer, Arthur (1788-1860)
• Spinoza, Baruch (1632-1677)
• Unamuno, Miguel de (1864-1936)
• Windelband, Wilhelm (1848-1915) neo-Kantian "to understand Kant rightly means to go beyond him"
• Wittgenstein, Ludwig (1889-1951)

^ PHILOSOPHY

MATHEMATICS
also see.. Logic, §Foundations of MATHEMATICS§, §Proof (MATHEMATICS)§

DIRECTORIES-Philosophy of Mathematics
dmoz.org Open Directory | Google.com

Google Books
• Miller, Irving Elgar
º The significance of the mathematical element in the philosophy of Plato 1904

Hersh, Reuben humanistic philosophy of mathematics
• Math 313 Complex Variables for Engineering
• Math 415 Philosophy of Math, U New Mexico
• The Birth of Random Evolutions
• Definition of mathematics
• Heron's Area Formula by 11th Grade Algebra
• Hilberts 10th problem
• Independent Thinking
• Introduction to 18 Unconventional Essays
• Mathematical Menopause
• Non-Cantorian Set Theory
• Nonstandard Analysis
• The “Origin” of Geometry
• Wings, not foundations!

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Contents ( Unabridged )
• Search ( Philosophy of Mathematics ) at Statford, or by using Google
• Constructive Mathematics
• Hilbert's Program
• Inconsistent Mathematics
• Intuitionistic Logic
• Nineteenth Century Geometry Philosophical-Historical survey

^ PHILOSOPHY

MIND
( also see.. §Mind & Brain§ )

MIT, CogNet community of cognitive & brain sciences: Indices ( Author, Topics ), Introduction
• Philosophy, Intro
• Psychology - Intro
• Neuroscience - Intro
• Computational Intelligence - Intro
• Linguistics and Language - Intro
• Culture, Cognition, and Evolution - Intro

^ PHILOSOPHY

NATURAL PHILOSOPHY
also see.. §HISTORY of SCIENCE§, §PHYSICS§

Wikipedia
º Category:History of philosophy
º Category:History of physics
º Category:History of science
• History of science
• Natural philosophy

^ PHILOSOPHY

NIETZCHE, FRIEDRICH (1844-1900)

Björn's Guide to Philosophy - Philosophers:
• Friedrich Nietzsche 1844-1900 biography, forums, images, papers, works

Friedrich Nietzsche: EpistemeLinks.com
Friedrich Nietzsche: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Abridged Table of Contents
Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900): Philosophy Pages - Philosophers... from Garth Kemerling
Friedrich Nietzsche Society: Links
Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm (1844 - 1900): xRefer.com
The Nietzsche Page at USC: texts Online

^ PHILOSOPHY

NEWS
Philosophers.net a philosophy news service
Philosophy News Service

^ PHILOSOPHY

NIHILISM

Wikipedia
• Nihilism

^ PHILOSOPHY

OBJECTIVISM
also see.. §Conservative (POLITICS)§

Wikipedia
º Category:Ayn Rand
º Category:Critics of Objectivism
º Category:Objectivism (Ayn Rand)
º Category:Objectivism scholars
º Category:Objectivist organizations
º Category:Objectivist philosophy
º Category:Objectivist publications
º Category:Objectivists
• Ayn Rand Institute
• The Atlas Society
• Branden, Nathaniel (1930)
• The Collective Nathaniel and Barbara Branden, Alan Greenspan & Leonard Peikoff
• Greenspan, Alan (1926)
• Libertarianism and Objectivism
• Objectivism (Ayn Rand)
• Objectivist movement
• Objectivist periodicals
• Peikoff, Leonard (1933)
º Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand
• Rand, Ayn (1905-1982)
º Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology
• Rational egoism

Wikiquote
• Ayn Rand

^ PHILOSOPHY

ONTOLOGY, BEING, EXISTENCE
also see.. Epistemology, §LANGUAGE§, §LINGUISTICS§

DIRECTORIES-Ontology
dmoz Open Directory | Google | Wikipedia | Yahoo

Knowledge Representation Logical, Philosophical, and Computational Foundations
• online book by John F. Sowa
º Ontology

Ontology. A resource guide for philosophers by Raul Corazzon, SiteMap
• Aristotle's definition of a science of Being qua Being. Ancient and modern interpretations

Wikipedia.org
• Ontology
• Ontology (computer science)

^ PHILOSOPHY

PLATO
Björn's Guide to Philosophy - Philosophers: Plato c. 429-347BC

Google Books
• Benjamin Jowett Translator
º The Republic of Plato: an Ideal Commonwealth

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
• The Academy
• Mathematical Platonism
• Plato (427—347 BCE)
• Plato’s Organicism
• Plato’s Phaedo
• Plato’s Political Philosophy
• Plato’s Theaetetus

LibriVox.org Use It!

Public Domain Audio Books
• The Apology of Socrates
• Euthyphro
• Ion
• Phaedo
• Phaedrus
• Plato’s Republic
• The Symposium
• Timaeus

Plato: Island-of-Freedom.com - Philosophers
Plato (427-347 BCE): Philosophy Pages - Philosophers... from Garth Kemerling

Plato-Dialogues.org
• Frequently Asked Questions about Plato Quoting Plato:Stephanus references (index numbers)

Plato's Phaedrus in Fifteen Byte-Size Portions: The Phaedrus Kit
Plato's Republic: Proceedings of the Friesian School philosophy archive & electronic journal

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
• Justice as a Virtue short section on Plato
• Plato's Cratylus
• Plato's Ethics: An Overview
• Plato's Ethics and Politics in The Republic
• Plato's Middle Period Metaphysics and Epistemology
• Plato's Parmenides
• Plato's Shorter Ethical Works
• Plato's Timaeus
• Plato on utopia

Wikipedia
º Category:Dialogues of Plato
º Category:Plato
º Category:Works by Plato
• Allegory of the Cave
• Apology (Plato)
• Charmides (dialogue)
• Clitophon (dialogue)
• Commentaries on Plato
• Cratylus (dialogue)
• Critias (dialogue)
• Crito
• Euthydemus (dialogue)
• Euthyphro
• First Alcibiades
• Form of the Good
• Gorgias (dialogue)
• Hippias Major
• Hippias Minor
• Ion (dialogue)
• Laches (dialogue)
• Laws (dialogue)
• Lysis (dialogue)
• Menexenus (dialogue)
• Meno
• Metaphor of the sun
• Parmenides (dialogue)
• Phaedo
• Phaedrus (dialogue)
• Philebus
• Philosopher king
• Plato
• Platonism
• Plato's tripartite theory of soul
• Protagoras (dialogue)
• The Republic (Plato)
• Sophist (dialogue)
• Statesman (dialogue)
• Symposium (Plato)
• Theaetetus (dialogue)
• Timaeus (dialogue)
• Theory of Forms

Wikiquote: Plato

WikiSource Free Library
• The Republic

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POPPER, KARL
Hoover Institution, Archives - Popper (Sir Karl R.) Papers

Japan Popper Society, Library, Links
• Sir Karl Raimund Popper: Man and Work - List of Works

Karl Popper Web, About, Forum (the Critical Café), Links
• discussion of Karl Popper's critique of Marxism in The Open Society.. by Michael Burgess

Objective Knowledge: Marxists.org - Miniature Library of Philosophy
Popper Newsletter Archive
Popper Project - Karl Raimund Popper short bio
Taking Children Seriously Appled "Popperian" epistemology - TCS and Karl Popper

^ PHILOSOPHY

PRAGMATISM

Wikipedia
• Peirce, Charles Sanders (1839-1914)
• Pragmatism

^ PHILOSOPHY

PSYCHIATRY
also see.. §PSYCHOLOGY§

Christian Perring, MetaPsychology, Philosophy and Psychiatry in the Media
• Philosophy of Psychiatry Bibliography
º History of Psychiatry

^ PHILOSOPHY

REALISM

Wikipedia
• Here is a hand
• Idealism
• Philosophical realism
• Realism

^ PHILOSOPHY

RELIGION
also see.. §RELIGIONS & SPIRITUALITY§

Apollos.ws Christian academic resource
• Philosophy of Religion
º Articles

ChristianCADRE.org: Philosophy of Religion Links, Christian perspective
Cyber-Peripateticism: Unravelling Wittgenstein's Net - Christian Think Tank by Glen Miller
Dale's Philosophy of Religion Links
Galilean-library.org: Philosophy of Religion (2005) by Paul Newall
John Templeton Foundation insights at the boundary between theology & science
Metanexus Institute on Science and Religion Forum, constructive engagement of science & religion
Peter J. King's Philosophy Page: Philosophy of Religion Links
The Philosophers Magazine: Philosphy of Religion Portal
Society of Christian Philosophers, Links, Faith and Philosophy Journal, SiteMap
The Virtue of What Is philosophical poetry & fiction about God, growth, truth.. by Neal Weiner

Wikipedia: Gifford Lectures

Wikipedia, Philosophers by religion (Category)
• Atheist (Category)
• Buddhist (Category)
• Christian (Category)
• Hindu (Category)
• Jewish (Category)
• Muslim (Category)

Wikipedia: Philosophy of religion
• Aquinas, Thomas
• Augustine of Hippo
• Existence of God
• Fideism
• Hume, David
º Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion
• James, William
º Varieties of Religious Experience
• Kant, Immanuel

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RUSSELL, BERTRUND ARTHUR WILLIAM (1872-1970)
Archive.org
• The Autobiography Of Bertrand Russell 1914 1944 (1956) for the visually impaired only

Bertrand Russell Society
Björn's Guide to Philosophy - Philosophers: Bertrand Arthur William Russell 1872-1970

Google Books (Public Domain): Bertrand Russell
• The Analysis of mind 1921
• An essay on the foundations of geometry 1897
• Free thought and official propaganda 1922
• Introduction to mathematical philosophy 1920
• Justice in war time
• Our Knowledge of the External World 1914
• Political ideals 1917
• The practice and theory of bolshevism 1921
• The Principles of Mathematics 1903
• Proposed roads to freedom: socialism, anarchism and syndicalism
• Why men fight: a method of abolishing the international duel 1917

Project Gutenberg: Books by Russell, Bertrand
• Analysis of Mind
• Mysticism and Logic and Other Essays
• Political Ideals
• Problems of Philosophy
• Proposed Roads to Freedom

LibriVox.org Public Domain Audio: Bertrand Russell
• The Problems of Philosophy
• Proposed Roads to Freedom

Philosophy Pages by Garth Kemerling, Philosophers: Bertrand Arthur William Russell (1872-1970)
MacTutor History of Mathematics - Bertrand Arthur William Russell

McMaster U - Bertrand Russell Research Centre Use It!

• Archives - Quotes
• Chronology
• Forum
• Gallery
• Papers, Last Essay, Letters
• Journal

Sadena.com: Index of /Books-Texts
• ABCs of Relativity.pdf
• The Analysis Of Mind.pdf
• The Bomb and Civilization.pdf
• A History of Western Philosophy.pdf
• Is There A God.pdf
• The Problems of Philosophy.pdf
• Proposed Roads To Freedom.pdf
• Why I Am Not A Christian and The Faith Of A Rationalist.pdf

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Bertrand Russell
• Sound Clips of Bertrand Russell Speaking

Wikipedia
• Bertrand Russell (1872-1970)
º A History of Western Philosophy
º The Problems of Philosophy

Wikiquote
• Bertrand Russell

Wikisource: Author:Bertrand Russell

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SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT, TRADITIONS

Wikipedia, Philosophical schools and traditions (Category)
• Agnosticism
• Analytic philosophy
• Atheism
• Critical theory (Frankfurt School)
• Determinism
• Dialectics
• Empiricism
• Existentialism
º Berdyaev, Nikolai (1874–1948)
º Buber, Martin (1878-1965)
º de Beauvoir, Simone (1908–1986)
º de Unamuno, Miguel (1864–1936)
º Dostoevsky, Fyodor (1821–1881)
º Heidegger, Martin (1889–1976)
º Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1770–1831)
º Husserl, Edmund (1859–1938)
º Kierkegaard, Søren (1813-1855) father of existentialism
º Marcel, Gabriel (1889–1973)
º Nietzsche, Friedrich (1844–1900)
º Sartre, Jean-Paul (1905–1980)
º Schopenhauer, Arthur (1788–1860)
º Tillich, Paul (1886–1965)
• Humanism
• Idealism
• Materialism
• Nihilism
• Postmodernism
• Pragmatism
• Rationalism
• Relativism
• Skepticism
• Theism

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PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE / METATHEORY
also see.. §History of Science (Philosophy of Science)§, §SCIENCE§

300BC to 19th Century Heritage: Mathematics, Science Writings and Natural History
A Brief History and Philosophy of Physics Alan J. Slavin: Trent U

David Banach, Dept Philosophy, St. Anselm College
• Philosophy of Science Links

Digital Library of Greek Philosophical and Scientific Books and Manuscripts (1600-1821): Dept History & Philosophy of Science - U Athens
dmoz.org Philosophy of Science at Society: Philosophy
History of Philosophy of Science Working Group research group, Links, Forum Archives ( Search )
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, The Monadology: Virginia Tech Online Books

PhilSci Archive electronic archive for preprints, About, Browse, Search
• from U Pittsburgh

U Minnesota, Minnesota Center for Philosophy of Science, Links
Pascal, Blaise - Pensees: Virginia Tech Online Books
PersonalityResearch.org - Metatheory: Northwestern U, Dept of Psychology

Philosophy of Science Association ( U Wisconsin ) - Archive Use It!

( U Pittsburg ), Search
• Browse by Conferences and Volumes, Subject, Year

Philosophy of Science & Information Technology: A Tribute to Thomas Kuhn from Brint.com

Philosophy of Science Resources Augustana U College

SpaceAndMotion.com Use It!

Note: use extreme right slider (there are 2 on the right, 3 total) to view the main page
• Solving Nature's Mystery Milo Wolff
º On the Spherical Wave Structure of Matter and the Origin of the Natural Laws.
º Explaining the Particle Wave Duality of Light and Matter with the Wave Structure of Matter (WSM)

Who are the Third Culture Intellectuals?: Edge.org

ASSOCIATIONS

British Society for the Philosophy of Science Journal for the Philosophy of Science
The European Association Study Science & Technology history, philosophy, psychology & sociology
History of Philosophy of Science Working Group history of the philosophy of science reseaarch group
Institute Vienna Circle logical positivist movement
Philosophy of Science Association Philosophy of Science journal

^ PHILOSOPHY

SIMPLICITY

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Abridged Table of Contents, Search
• Simplicity

Wikipedia
º Category:Razors (philosophy)
• Occam's razor
• Razor (philosophy)
• Simplicity

Wikiquote
• Simplicity

^ PHILOSOPHY

SKEPTICISM
also see.. §Agnotisticism (RELIGIONS)§

Wikipedia
º Category:Scientific skepticism
º Category:Skepticism
• Academic skepticism
• Decline effect
• Certainty
• Doubt
• Doxa
• Epistemocracy
• Freethought
• Here is a hand
• Hume, David (1711-1776)
• Nullius in verba
• Probability
• Skepticism
º Local skepticism
º Moral skepticism
º Scientific skepticism
• Uncertainty

^ PHILOSOPHY

SPINOZA

Constitution.org
• Benedict De Spinoza'S Political Treatise

EarlyModernTexts.com: Benedict (or Baruch) Spinoza, 1632-1677
• Ethics Demonstrated in Geometrical OrderEthics Demonstrated in Geometrical Order
• Treatise on Theology and Politics

Google Books: Search Public Domain Spinoza
• Ethic Demonstrated in Geometrical Order by Spinoza, Translator: William Hale White
• The Ethics of Benedict de Spinoza: Demonstrated After the Methods of Geometers by Spinoza, Translator: N.J. Englewood
• Spinoza's Short treatise on God, man, and human welfare by Spinoza

PhilosophyArchive.com: Spinoza A Great Mind of the Seventeenth Century
• On the Improvement of the Understanding
• Political Treatise
• A Theologico-Political Treatise

Wikipedia: Spinoza
Wikiquote: Baruch Spinoza

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TECHNOLOGY
Essays on the Philosophy of Technology I Metropolitan Community College, Omaha, Nebraska

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TUTORIALS
philosophy class.com introduction logic textbook

MIT Open Courseware Use It!

All Courses Index, Audio/Video Courses
• Linguistics and Philosophy

EarlyModernTexts.com Use It!

some texts from early modern philosophy, edited for easier reading
World Views paradigms, perspectives, frames of reference, mental & world models

^ PHILOSOPHY

WHITEHEAD, ALFRED NORTH (1861-1947)

Archive.org Public Domain Books Use It!

• Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947
• The principle of relativity with applications to physical science Alfred North Whitehead, 1922 ( pdf )

Google Books: inauthor:“Alfred North Whitehead” Public Domain only
• The concept of nature: Tarrner lectures... Alfred North Whitehead, 1920
• An enquiry concerning the principles of natural knowledge Alfred North Whitehead, 1919

Wikipedia
• Alfred North Whitehead

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WITTGENSTEIN, LUDWIG (1889-1951)
Björn's Guide to Philosophy - Philosophers: Ludwig Wittgenstein 1889-1951
Ludwig Wittgenstein 1889-1951: Island-of-Freedom.com - Philosophers
Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951): Philosophy Pages - Philosophers... from Garth Kemerling

Marxists.org: Works by Author, Value of Knowledge: a Miniature Library of Philosophy, Reference Writers
• Lectures on Philosophy by Ludwig Wittgenstein (1932-33)

Project Gutenberg
• Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus Use It!

by Ludwig Wittgenstein

Wikipedia
• Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus discussion & links
• Wittgenstein

^ PHILOSOPHY
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